Son s fire-proof floor syndicate



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. T. HANSON.

METHOD OF OONSTRUGTING PIREPROOF FLOORS, FLATS, WALLS, &c. No. 595,169.Patented De0.7,1897.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. T. HANSON. METHOD OF GONSTRUGTING FIREPROOF FLOORS, FLATS, WALLS, &c.

No. 595,169. Patented Dec. 7,1897.

fig. 4.

TTEE STATES PATENT OEEIcE.

JOHN TREADVVAY HANSON, OF LONDON, ENGLAND,ASSIGNOR TO THE HAN- SONSFIRE-PROOF FLOOR SYNDICATE, LIMITED, OF SAME PLACE.

METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING FIREPROOF FLOORS, FLATS, WALLS, dc.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 595,169, dated December7, 1897.

Application filed March 6, 1897. Serial No. 626,294. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J OI-IN TREADWAY IIAN- SON, a subject of the Queenof Great Britain, residing at London, England, have invented a new anduseful Method of Constructing Fireproof Floors, Flats, Partitions, andIValls, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to fireproof floors, walls, ceilings, and the likeconstructed of a number of blocks or sections adapted to illterlock withone another in such a manner that girders, joists, or the likeforsupporting the same are unnecessary.

The blocks of which my floor or the like is constructed are composed ofterra-cotta or other suitable material, each block being provided withinclined projections on its sides or edges, which will enable the saidblocks to be regarded as voussoirs. Each block, besides having inclinesas above referred to, has also oppositely-arranged inclines which formabutments or surfaces against which the voussoir-surfaces of adjacentblocks will bear.

To enable my invention to be fully understood, I will describe the sameby reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is anisometric view of a block constructed according to my invention; andFig. 2 is a view of a smaller block, the use of which is hereinafterdescribed. Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is anisometric view illustrating the construction of a floor with blocksconstructed according to my invention. Fig. 5 is a section 011 the line5 5, Fig. 4..

a 0, indicate my improved blocks, and Z) c are the two sets of inclinedprojections formed thereon, the inclines b b of the projections 1)extending inwardly from the top toward the bottom, as clearly shown inFig. 3, and being the surfaces which constitute the block a voussoir,while the inclined surfaces 0 c of the projections c are those whichform abutments upon which the voussoir-surfaces Z) Z) of adjacent blocksbear.

It will be noticed by reference to Figs. 1 and 2 that the inclinedsurfaces Z) Z) c c are formed at both the ends and the sides of theblock, so that the support which each block receives from adjacentblocks is as effective at the ends as at the sides.

In addition to the support which each block receives owing to thecontact of its surfaces 1) l) with the surfaces 0 c of adjacent blocksit also receives a further support owing to the contact of the lateralsurfaces 19 b o c of the projections 19 c with the correspondingsurfaces of adjacent blocks and which exert a shearing pressure upon oneanother under any tendency of one block to take up a position in a planedifferent from that of the interlocked adjacent block. This furthersupport tends to prevent the sagging or bulging of the floor and soreduces or obviates lateral thrust upon the walls of the building.

In constructing a floor with blocks made according to my invention aseries of blocks is built in to the wall of the building, as shown inFigs. 4 and 5, in such a manner that the projections c c of the blockswill project beyond the face of the wall. A temporary sta ing orcentering is also erected to carry the floor during construction. Uponthis staging against the row of blocks thus built in is placed anotherrow of blocks in such a manner that the inclined surfaces 79 12 thereoflie upon or against the surfaces 0 o of the blocks in the wall, theseveral blocks of this row interlocking at the ends with one anotherowing to the incline b of each block lying upon or 80 against thecorresponding incline o of the adjacent block and also interlockingowing to the contact of the faces 11 b and 0 0 as hereinbeforedescribed. Against the row of blocks thus laid is arranged a second rovsin a similar manner, except that I prefer to arrange the said blocks sothat the blocks of adjacent rows shall break joint, as clearly shown inFig. 4. In order to permit of this break-joint arrangement, I make useof the small or half blocks shown in Fig. 2, which are placed at theends of alternate rows.

It will be noticed that blocks are built all around the wall, so thatthe floor is supported not only at the ends, but at the sides. The

blocks having been thus laid, grouting or cement is poured in to fillthe spaces between them, and to facilitate the introduction of thiscement and to enable it to flow freely between the blocks I arrange theprojections :00 b c of each block with spaces between them, which formchannels (Z cl, and I also groove the said surfaces, as at e e. Inpractice the channels cl d between the center projections b c of eachblock are wider than the channels cl d, so as to leave openings for theintroduction of the cement. The spaces between the blocks having beenthus filled and the whole having been allowed to set, the staging orcentering beneath the same can be removed, the Whole floor constitutingwhat may be regarded as a single slab, the weight of which will beentirely carried upon the walls without any lateral thrust.

When large floors are required, it may in some cases be consideredadvisable to employ girders at such points as will divide the floor areainto sections, which can be conveniently floored in the mannerhereinbefore described.

In order to lighten the floor as much as possible, I advantageously formthe blocks with recesses f f, which recesses, when the said flooring isto be covered with floor-boards, may be filled with wooden blocks towhich the said boards can be attached.

Although I have chiefly described my invention as applied to a floor, itwill be obvious that it is also applicable for the construction of wallsor partitions, the interlocking of the blocks preventing the lateral andvertical displacement of the same when placed on edge.

Having now particularly described and as certained the nature of my saidinvention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare thatwhat I claim is- 1. A floor, wall or the like composed of blocks havingupon the sides and ends oppositely-inclined projections 19, 0 soarranged that the inclines b, b of one block are adjacent to or incontact with the incline c, c of adjacent blocks, substantially asdescribed.

2. Blocks for the manufacture of fireproof floors and the like,constructed with oppositely-inclined projections, that is, with the setof projections b, inclining inwardly and the set of projections c,inclining outwardly, and whereby the inclines b, of one such block maybe placed adjacent to or in contact with the inclines c, of a similarblock or blocks.

3. Blocks for the manufacture of fireproof floors or the like, havingthe oppositely-inclined projections 19, c, as set forth, and havingrecesses f, f, in the body of the block, substantially as and for thepurpose described.

4. .A fireproof floor or wall made with blocks having the inclinedprojections b, b, of one block adjacent to or in contact with theoppositely-inclined projections c, c, of adjacent blocks, and with afirst row or series of such blocks built into the wall of a building,leaving some of the inclined projections extending beyond the face ofthe wall for interlocking with the next adjacent row, and the successiverows being similarly disposed, the blocks of one row breaking joint withthose of its adjacent row or rows.

JOHN TREADVVAY HANSON. Witnesses:

G. F. REDFERN,

G. F. TYsoN.

